AFAIK there's no specific way of testing for head & neck (which includes e.g. throat, larynx, pharynx, tongue) cancer risk from HPV, or even concluding 100 percent that a cancer is caused by it once you're diagnosed. But Gardasil (over Cervarix, which covers fewer HPV strains) will protect you, and the good thing is some countries are now immunising boys as well as girls. If I was under 25 I would definitely get Gardasil.
The other thing is HPV can take a loooonng time to clear. I had an abnormal smear in 2006 and wasn't discharged (after three colposcopies, two with biopsies) until 2013.